Ammara Khalid, Naveed Anwar, Sana Tauqeer, Kehkhshan Khalid, Ayesha Zakir, Sidra Munir.
Comparison of General Exercises, Motor Control Exercises and Spinal Manipulation in Chronic Low Back Pain patients.
Pak Armed Forces Med J Jan ;74(1):142-6.

Objective: To compare the effects of motor control exercises, general exercises and spinal manipulative therapy on pain, functional status and disability in chronic low back pain patients. Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial (IRCT:20200511047391N1) Place and Duration of Study: Riphah International University, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jun to Nov 2020. Methodology: Study was conducted on 36 chronic low back pain patients aged 18-50 years. All were randomly allocated to three groups: general exercises group, motor control group, and manipulative therapy; all were treated with eight sessions in four weeks. Numerical pain rating scale, Patient-specific functional scale and Oswestry disability index were used. Results: Findings revealed that differences between the three groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) concerning pain score, patient-specific functional scale, and Disability index. Conclusion: It was concluded that motor control exercises are most effective in treating chronic low backache. The results of our study showed that there is a significant difference in pain, function and disability in all the groups.

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